Mobility time is 3 minutes and it can be transported by any transport means (including aerial). Like Rapier and Crotale, in addition to the tracked vehicle, there are also static and towed versions of the Tor, as well as a wheeled one. It is equipped with NBC (nuclear, biological and chemical) protection. The 9A330 is based on the GM-355 chassis manufactured by MMZ, the Tor-M1 using the improved GM-5955. All three systems are mobile and self-propelled, Tor using the 9A330 combat vehicle, which carries a crew of four (one driver, three operators), and acts as an autonomous Transporter, Launcher, And Radar unit, or TLAR (similar to but not a TELAR, as it does not erect the missile to a launch position). The closest foreign equivalent to the Tor, in function and operation, are systems like the British Rapier missile and French Crotale missile systems, which some consider to have somewhat less performance than Tor (the other two systems being based on somewhat older equipment). All the developers and manufacturers of the Tor missile system unified into Almaz-Antey in 2002.Ī 9K332 TLAR with tracking radar covered. Fadeyev) was responsible for the development of Kinzhal. Grushin) and the Altair design bureau (headed by S.A. Efremov), the missiles designed by MKB Fakel (under P.D. Responsibility for development was given to the Antey design bureau (headed by V.P. Initiated as a successor to the 9K33 Osa (NATO reporting name SA-8 "Gecko"), development of the land based version was conducted in parallel with the naval variant of the system (3K95 Kinzhal/SA-N-9 "Gauntlet"), to be installed on a number of upcoming ship classes, including the Kirov-class battlecruisers, and retrofitted onto older ships. The development of the Tor missile system started on 4 February 1975, in response to the directives of the Central Committee of the CPSU. 5.3 Shoot-down of Ukraine International Airlines Flight 752.
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